What laboratory test is crucial for evaluating acute abdomen?

The complete blood count (CBC) is a critical laboratory test for evaluating acute abdomen because it provides valuable information about the presence of infection, inflammation, or other underlying conditions. In cases of acute abdominal pain, the CBC can reveal leukocytosis, which indicates an ongoing inflammatory or infectious process—common in conditions like appendicitis, diverticulitis, or perforation of hollow viscera. Additionally, a CBC can help assess for anemia, which may suggest hemorrhagic conditions within the abdomen.

While other tests like urinalysis, C-reactive protein, and blood cultures can provide important information in specific contexts, the CBC stands out as essential for the initial assessment of acute abdominal conditions due to its ability to quickly indicate the presence of a more serious underlying pathology that may require prompt surgical intervention.